Hi, my name is Gabe Groveman, I’m a sophomore at Montpelier High School and a member of the Vermont Youth Lobby. I’d like to bring this all home with a few points on specific upcoming Climate Change legislation that the Youth Lobby would like to see passed. Now that the legislature is back in session, we have the ability to put our words into action and actually pass meaningful climate legislation in this state. Already, we have 5 different bills, each trying to do their part to help with the Global Climate Crisis we’re facing right now.

First, there’s the Global Warming Solutions Act – Bill H. 462, which aims to set Vermont on a path toward meeting our commitment to the Paris Climate Accord by 2025 and achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, by creating targets with a comprehensive process to achieve them. This bill would ensure that if these targets are not achieved, we have a way in which the people of Vermont can hold their legislators accountable and would hopefully keep our energy spending in state and put people to work in clean power jobs such as solar, advanced wood heat and electrification. Although these are all great things, and the Vermont Youth Lobby supports the work these legislators are doing to help draft legislation to combat Climate Change, we do have some concerns and suggestions to the bill that, as youth, we feel should be addressed. One is that according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change we need to act much faster than this bill suggests, for example, the Young Vermonters United Climate Declaration states 2032 as the goal for net-zero. We’d also suggest that we have goals set for every five years so that progress can continue on track and be checked and that the abrogation clause needs to mandate the creation of a new bill or measure to ensure that local and state officials are still held accountable once we enter into a multi-state deal OR the abrogation clause should be removed altogether. Youth Lobby would also like to address that there is no outlined power given to let the judicial system force legislators to take action, only the ability to force damages payment and that the Government Accountability committee needs to also have the responsibility to bring departments and legislators to court if goals are not being met or progress is slowing because of them.

Another bill that the Youth Lobby would like to see passed is Modernize Energy Efficient Utilities, which would shift Efficiency Vermont’s standard for success from energy reduction to greenhouse gas emissions reduction, Increase affordability of heating for homes and businesses by investing in weatherization, Bring new technology into the state to help modernize efficiency, like cold climate heat pumps, Increase collaboration between energy efficiency and distribution utilities, and Expand the availability of weatherization to reduce individual Vermonter’s system costs. We’d also like to suggest that we ensure that the data collected on results is made easily accessible and understandable to the Vermont public.

Another action around Climate, that the Youth Lobby would be on board with supporting, is Vermont participating in the Transportation and Climate Initiative, or TCI, which would try to reduce carbon pollution from transportation by investing in cleaner, more environmentally friendly, transportation options, like electric buses, hybrid and electric vehicles, bike and pedestrian infrastructure, and affordable housing, as well as ensuring the protection of low-income Vermonters as we transition into a more efficient state. Like the other bills, we have some more concerns we feel need to be addressed. One concern is that cap and trade, and invest systems, could allow those who profit most from the climate crisis to buy their way out of accountability while leaving smaller businesses behind to suffer the consequences, and that the increased cost of fuel will not incentivize electric alternatives as much as penalize working-class Vermonters, which we should absolutely avoid doing. We’re also worried that Cap and trade, and invest systems, have been shown not to work as well when scaled past small populations and that if the purpose of TCI is to tax fossil fuel companies and use the money to invest in green solutions, there needs to be sound measures in place to protect the working people from the negative impact of raised gas prices. And once again we would also like to recognize that according to the IPCC, we’ll need to act much faster than what this bill proposes.

Another bill, 100% Renewables by 2030 – H. 316/S. 51 which is not currently proposed, (past bills were for 90% by 2050), would do a lot of good if passed this session. It would hope to get us to 100% renewable electricity for the state of Vermont by 2030, replacing inefficient fossil-fueled vehicles and heating with efficient electric options and keeping money spent on imported energy in state. This would be great as long as we make sure that it is changed to 100% renewable by 2030 and add conditions to ensure rapid expansion, roll out, and incentivisation of renewables does not come at the cost of our natural ecosystems and resources, like by bolstering and requiring environmental impact studies of all new projects, and prioritizing widespread low impact solutions before potentially damaging ones and taking wildlife and recreational land use into account with all new projects, as well.

Senator Pollina’s VT Green New Deal bill, which would create a tax that would take an extra $30 million annually from Vermont’s top 5% for 5 years and put it towards climate solutions including transportation, weatherizations, and EV incentives, would also be something we would like to get through this year.

These are all reasonable and comprehensive initiatives that, all together, could help pull Vermont in the right direction in the global effort to fight climate change. Yet, to become a reality these bills would have to be approved by, not only, a majority of the legislators in this building, but most likely by Governor Phil Scott as well. We sincerely hope that what’s been said today, and the continued presence of the Youth and other climate supporters will be enough to sway Governor Scott to do what is right, and support legislation that will help ensure a healthier future for Vermont and the world at large. Because, at this historical turning point of Climate activism, it would be a shame if Vermont, one of the most progressive and forward-thinking states in the country, would fall behind on arguably the most important issue of our times. So, in 2020, let’s show the world just how much we care about the Climate and our future, by supporting meaningful legislation that the legislature and the governor can, and hopefully will, actually pass. You can all start right now, by delivering the Young Vermonters’ United Climate Declaration to legislators around the State House.

Testimony by Hope Petraro & Lili Platt

Organizers, Vermont Youth Lobby

1/10/2019

Thank you, committee members, for the opportunity to meet with you today. My name is Hope Petraro, and I am a senior at Montpelier High School and a member of the Youth Lobby. Some of you might recognize me not just because I’m frequently in the building because of my advocacy and activism, but because I’ve interned with Mollie Burke for the past two years, a person who I am truly grateful to have had the ability to work with. 

Thank you for your time today. My name is Lili Platt and I’m a senior at Harwood Union High School and an officer of the Vermont Youth Lobby, a statewide, student-led organization that fights for climate action and justice. As you know, we are facing an unprecedented global emergency. Just thinking about the magnitude of the climate crisis can be so terrifying that it paralyzes people. But the science is clear, and it is becoming clearer every day that we must do something–and fast. To us, climate change is not a political issue; it is an existential threat—the effects of which we have only begun to feel. I am angry that those least responsible for climate change are predicted to suffer the most from it. Regardless of what we like to think about Vermonter being a green state, the facts say otherwise. Vermont is not doing its part to address this crisis. Since 1990, Vermont’s carbon emissions have risen by 16%, while climate pollution in all of our neighboring states has fallen. As overseers of Vermont’s transportation policy, you have a unique opportunity and responsibility to act for serious climate action this session.

We appreciate your past commitments to reduce emissions and to fight climate change. In 2017, many members of this committee voted in favor of H.R.15, a resolution that opposed the announced U.S. withdrawal from the Paris Climate Agreement and supported Vermont’s enrollment in the U.S. Climate Alliance. H.R. 15 opposed a world in which the United States — instead of using its power and wealth to serve as a role model on climate action — reneged on its commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 26–28 percent below 2005 levels by 2025 and its commitment to contribute $3 billion to climate change assistance to developing nations by 2020. 

Combating climate change — something scientists have called the “biggest global health threat of the 21st century” *PAUSE* is not limited to one resolution. And the word resolution has two meanings: it isn’t just an agreement passed by a legislative body — it’s a firm decision to ACT. Supporting emissions reduction takes an active effort, but with our current policies and regulations, Vermont is not on track to meet its own emissions reduction goals. We’ve committed to 90% renewable energy by 2050, but as of 2015, only 16% of Vermont’s total energy consumption was powered by renewables.  

We’re here today to share and ask you to support the Young Vermonters’ United Climate Declaration.

• We passed the Vermont Youth Climate Declaration in November, during the first-ever Youth Climate Congress. We held this special session to bring attention to the fact that the State is not doing enough to address climate change. 
• 170 students from every district in the state gathered in the House chamber to draft and pass climate “legislation.”
• There were students from big schools like CVU and UVM. There were students from rural schools like Barton Academy and Glover Elementary. There were students who traveled from Brattleboro High School and Burr & Burton. Some of us walked from Montpelier High School. The youngest delegates came from the Marion Cross School in Norwich, while the oldest attend Vermont Law School.
• We were joined by the LG, 5 senators, and 22 representatives.
• Representative Becca White provided an inspirational keynote address from the State House steps, THANK YOU.

Some of the Declaration is broad, including our request that the Vermont State House:

• declare a climate emergency;
• turn VT’s non-binding greenhouse gas goals into requirements;
• and put us on track to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2032.

Some of the Declaration is specific to transportation, including our recommendations for the following:

• • Accelerate the deployment of freely available, low-carbon public transportation such as buses, trains, pedestrian connectivity and biking infrastructure;
  • Join our regional neighbors in programs like the Transportation Climate Initiative; and
  • Create a 10-year timeline for ending the sale of passenger vehicles powered by fossil fuels and for implementing extensive public transportation infrastructure.

The largest segment of Vermont’s greenhouse gas emissions comes from the transportation sector, and at a figure that consistently hovers around 45%, that represents nearly HALF of all emissions. As legislators on the House Transportation Committee, your actions are critical, and it is critical that you prioritize climate change. In moving away from fossil-fueled transportation, Vermont can develop an equitable program to generate revenue that can help all Vermonters invest in and make use of cleaner transportation alternatives.

There is growing popular support for climate action — according to a very recent poll, more than three-quarters of Vermonters support Vermont’s joining of the Transportation & Climate Initiative, *PAUSE* and more than three-quarters of Vermonters support requiring the state to hit its climate targets. *PAUSE* By moving away from fossil-fueled transportation, Vermonters can reduce carbon pollution and can save money at the same time. Studies have shown that in our most rural counties in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic, the average driver can save $870 per year and cut carbon dioxide emissions by more than 3 metric tons per year by choosing an electric vehicle over a conventional sedan.  Shifting transportation away from single-occupancy vehicles towards low-carbon alternatives like buses, trains, biking, and walking not only helps us meet our emissions reductions goals, but can literally change lives. Expanded public transportation infrastructure would greatly lessen the burdens that transportation often poses to low-income and rural Vermonters, especially those living in fuel poverty. A lack of available commuting options prevents low-income people from leaving their towns and accessing the jobs, resources, and enrichment they need to improve their lives. 

Yes, last year’s budget did include funding for electric vehicle incentives, and I am thankful for those on this committee who advocated for electric vehicle incentivization during negotiations. Yet, last year’s funding has been called a  “modest but positive step forward”. We are indeed moving in the right direction, but our progress has been modest — and unfortunately, incremental action doesn’t align with ambitious goals. Incremental action isn’t enough to meet our state’s commitments to affordability and efficiency, and incremental action isn’t enough when it comes to fighting the climate crisis. During the 2020 legislative session, Vermont must continue to work towards electric vehicle incentivization and do so with AMBITION AND COMMITMENT if we are to meet our goal of 50,000 plug-in electric vehicles registered in Vermont by 2025.  

Yes, these are ambitious goals, but ambition and drive are nothing less than necessary if we are ever to meet our commitment to the global and statewide agreements we have agreed to. Taken together, these recommendations can put us back on track to meet the climate commitments that Democratic and Republican governors and lawmakers alike have made to our generation: our commitment to 90% renewable energy by 2050. Again, we must do our part. And more importantly, as legislators in Vermont, YOU must lead the way and prove to other states that we can make this transition away from fossil fuels and toward a more prosperous, more equitable, and brighter future.

Last night — instead of studying for the French test I have later today, or doing my homework for AP Economics — I was up late finishing this testimony, carefully writing it in the hopes that it will be good enough: that it will match the caliber of the testimonies and speeches you might be used to hearing, from professionals who are paid to do this every day, who don’t spend their hours at school instead — in the hopes that my words, my testimony, is good enough to make enough of a difference. So that it is something you will carry with you throughout the session this year, as you make decisions, set priorities, and negotiate with opposition. Lili and I, and many others our age, throughout the years, have skipped school and skipped out on sleep so that, in addition to all that we do — whether it’s soccer, or working, or high school — we can do our part in advocating for efficiency, affordability, leadership and initiative, and social justice. A commitment to serving others is a principle that guides your lives as legislators, and it is a principle that guides mine as well. 

For many young people today, climate anxiety has steeped itself into the back of our minds. Those who prioritize climate change understand it is a crisis — understand that climate change is already affecting us and is a growing obstacle to ensuring every person in every community has the ability to live with stable weather patterns; to swim in and drink from clean, safe water; to breathe unpolluted air; to live free from forced migration; to have access to food; and to live unencumbered by civil conflict and disease. We understand that the world has already warmed by about 1 degree Celsius and without a global coordinated effort — one that we as Vermonters and Americans must be apart of — the world will reach 1.5 degrees in as little as 12 years. We understand that “several hundred million” lives are at stake, according to the IPCC. We understand that the actions that are required to ensure a just transition to a fossil-fuel-free world have a significant overlap with the actions that would be needed to reduce global poverty. We understand that if we don’t act, literal science states that “Whole parts of the globe will become too hot for human habitation and those left behind will die of heat. Diseases will increase and mutate. Food shortages will become chronic as we fail to move agriculture from one climate to another. Whole countries like Bangladesh and parts of other countries, such as Miami, Florida, will be underwater. Shortages of freshwater will affect humans and agriculture. The oceans will die, the air will get dirtier.” Social, economic, and political chaos will ensue as refugees flee areas that can no longer sustain them.  

Although you and I can enjoy spending time with family, reading a book, going out for a bite to eat or for a run outside, and can afford to live and work relatively comfortably, there are people in the world who are being affected by climate change already — who do not have the privilege of living and working relatively unperturbed by the effects of climate change.

We have two asks of you today. 

• • The first is to do all you can to reduce carbon pollution. As overseers of Vermont’s transportation policy, you have a unique opportunity and responsibility to act. As you know the bulk of Vermont’s greenhouse gas pollution comes from transportation. I’m sure you saw the most recent greenhouse gas inventory report: 45% of Vermont’s greenhouse gas emissions come from cars and trucks. So the bulk of greenhouse gas reductions have to come from transportation. We understand that there are a number of bills under consideration and in process. You should enact all of them. No one bill is going to solve this crisis. You should pursue as many strategies as possible.
  • Our second request is that you hang this Declaration in this room for the remainder of the legislative biennium to remind yourselves daily of what young Vermonters want. We want a cleaner, healthier, more vibrant Vermont – and every day that we continue to spew climate pollution into the air robs us of that future.

At its most basic level, Youth Lobby is asking for policymakers to ensure that as a state we are doing our part to reduce GHG emissions to a level that is consistent with a livable planet. We simply want the state of Vermont to abide by the obligations we made to meet the goals of the Paris Climate Accords and to listen to the IPCC and the urgent and most current science. It is imperative that we act soon to prioritize combating climate change and make the switch to clean energy, infrastructure, and livelihood. Thank you for the opportunity to be here today. We’re happy to answer any questions if necessary.